中国铝元素物质流投入产出模型构建与分析

Construction of Input-Output Model for Aluminum Substance Flow and Its Application in China

在构建全国铝物质流投入产出模型的基础上,对2001年,2004年,2005年和2007年全国铝损失的来源进行了解析.结果表明:2001—2004年生产加工部门和消费部门来源于国内开采的铝损失所占比例分别从54.8%和47.6%升至64.4%和53.1%,全国铝损失率从32.5%增至42.4%;2004—2005年来源于国内开采的铝损失增幅迅速降至4.9%,2005—2007年保持在8.8%.来源于国内开采的铝损失占铝损失总量的比例最大,2001年,2004年和2007年所占比例分别达到了34.1%,44.8%和36.3%,提示依然需要提高国内铝开采的利用效率和加工技术水平以减少铝损失总量.2001年,2004年,2005年和2007年来源于国外进口的铝损失量占铝进口总量的比例分别为30.9%,39.1%,35.8%和33.3%,损失率变化不大,未来应增加再生铝的使用比例以降低铝的损失率.

Based on the construction of a national aluminum input-output model,the aluminum losses in China for the years 2001,2004,2005 and 2007 were investigated.Results show that the proportion of aluminum loss from domestic mining for the production and processing sector increased from 54.8% in 2001 to 64.4% in 2004,and the proportion of aluminum loss from domestic mining for the consumption sector increased from 47.6% in 2001 to 53.1% in 2004.The total amount of aluminum loss increased from 32.5% in 2001 to 42.4% in 2004.The growth rate of the aluminum loss from domestic mining decreased to 4.9% from 2004 to 2005,then increased to 8.8% from 2005 to 2007.The aluminum loss from domestic mining accounted for the largest proportion of the total loss amount,which was 34.1%,44.8% and 36.3% in 2001,2004 and 2007,respectively.This result suggests that reducing the loss from domestic sources by improving the efficiency of domestic aluminum mining and processing technology level was essential.The aluminum losses from imported sources varied slightly,accounting for 30.9%,39.1%,35.8% and 33.3% in 2001,2004,2005 and 2007,respectively.To reduce the rate of loss of aluminum in China,more recycled aluminum should be utilized in the future.