前陆盆地及其对褶皱冲断带构造作用的沉积响应

Foreland basin and its sedimentary response to the fold-thrust belt

前陆盆地是研究盆山耦合最理想的场所,同时也是油气资源勘探的主要目标。阐述了前陆盆地的定义和特点,以及其对褶皱逆冲带的沉积响应,指出了可以通过包括不整合面、粗碎屑(砾岩)沉积体、盆地沉降中心迁移、前隆的隆升和迁移、沉积物碎屑组分变化等标识来识别前陆盆地对褶皱冲断带构造作用的沉积响应。

A foreland basin generally is defined as an elongate basin that forms between a linear contractional orogenic belt and the stable cration, mainly in response to flexural subsidence that is driven by thrust - sheet loading in the orogen. It is an ideal place to investigate the coupling between the basin and the mountain and to explore the prospect for oil and gas. Here we review the definition, characteristics, classification of the foreland basin in details. Based on the synthesis of two kinds of typical foreland basin, we propose that the following signatures be ulitized to recognize the sedimentary responses to the fold - thrust belt ： unconformities, the appearance of conglomerate wedge, the migrations of subsidence, the changes of diagnostic clasts of sandstone and conglomerate, the uplift and migration of the forebulge.