前列腺癌组织中前列腺特异性膜抗原基因表达的临床意义

Clinical significance of PSMA gene expression in prostate cancer tissue

目的检测前列腺特异性膜抗原(PSMA)基因在前列腺癌组织中的表达,并探讨其意义。方法利用半定量(RT-PCR)法检测52例前列腺癌组织及35例前列腺增生组织中PSMA的表达。结果 (1)PSMA在前列腺癌及前列腺增生组织中的阳性表达率分别为84.6%(44/52)及68.6%(24/35),虽然前列腺癌组织中PSMA表达阳性率高于前列腺增生组织,但两者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。PSMA mRNA半定量结果在两组间存在差异,癌组织中PSMA的表达量明显高于增生组织中的表达,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)PSMA基因表达量与肿瘤的分化程度有关,分化程度越低,表达量越高,高分化前列腺癌与低分化前列腺癌间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 PSMA在前列腺癌中的表达与肿瘤的分化程度有关,且高于前列腺增生组织,提示PSMA可作为判断预后及分化程度的指标。

Objective To investigate the expression of prostate specific membrane antitagen （PSMA） in prostate cancer tissue and its significance. Methods Expression of PSMA was assayed by semiquantitative RT-PCR in 52 cases of prostate cancer and 35 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues. Results （1）The positive rates of PSMA in the tissues of prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia were 84. 6% and 68. 6% respectively. Although there was no statistical difference between the two sets of positive rate,the semiquantitative results showed that the expression level of PSMA in prostate cancer was significantly higher than that in benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues. （2）The expression quantity of PSMA was correlated with histological grade, the expression quantity of PSMA was lower in well differentiated endometrial carcinoma than in poorly differentiated endometrial carcinoma. Conclusion Expression of PSMA in prostate cancer is related with the differentiation degree of tumor and is higher than that in prostatic hyperplasia tissues, which prompts that PSMA may be used as an index to assess the differentiation degree and prognosis of prostate cancer.