动物前肢淋巴水肿模型构建的实验研究

Construction of animal models of fore limb lymphedema:an experimental study

目的使用3种方法建立动物前肢淋巴水肿模型,并对不同的模型构建方法进行比较。方法将18只日本大耳白兔随机、平均分配入放射线照射组、手术组和联合处理组,分别使用放射线照射法、手术切除法及联合法处理动物一侧前肢并连续观察18周。使用排水法测量并记录动物双侧前肢体积变化,用核素显像法同步观察动物双前肢淋巴引流情况。通过对动物前肢体积变化进行统计学分析,结合动物肢体淋巴核素显像结果,评价不同方法建立肢体淋巴水肿效果的优劣。结果术后18周时共存活14只动物,其中7只模型构建成功,总成功比例为7/14。在存活动物中,联合法建模成功的比例为4/4,手术法为3/4,放射法无一只成功(0/6)。3种模型构建方法间差异有统计学意义(F=17.57,P=0.000),联合法和手术法模型构建效果明显好于放射法(P均<0.050)。结论联合法和手术法均是制作肢体淋巴水肿动物模型较好的方法,可以为后续研究提供适宜的动物模型。

Objective To evaluate the effects of animal models of fore limb lymphedema built by three different methods. Methods Eighteen Oryctolagus cuniculus were equally divided into three groups （ n = 6 in each group） at random. Radiographic exposure, surgical ablation and combined methods were used in the three different groups respectively to make fore limb lymphodema on one side, then the volume changes of the fore limbs were observed for 18 weeks. The volume changes of the fore limbs of both sides were measured and recorded by a draining method, and the draining status of the fore limb lymph of both sides were observed using radionuclide imaging technique. The changes of the fore limbs of the three groups were compared and statistically analyzed. According to the radionuclide imaging and draining results of the fore limb lymph, the effects of the three different methods for building the animal models of fore limb lymphedema were evaluated. Results A total of 14 animals survived, in whom seven animal models of fore limb lymphedema were successfully built at 18 weeks after operation. Four models were successfully constructed in 4 survived animals in the combined method group, three models successfully constructed in 4 survived animals in the surgical ablation method group, and nought model in 6 survived animals in the radiographic exposure method group. There was a statistical difference between the three methods （F = 17.57 ,P =0.000）. The combined method and the surgical ablation method were markedly prior to the radiographic exposure method in building the animal models of fore limb lymphedema （ both P 〈 0. 050 ）. Conclusions The combined method and the surgical ablation method are reliable to build an animal model of fore limb lymphedema, which can provide proper animal models for further lymphodema investigation.