何谓“更加真实”?——《白鹿原》与当代文学中的宗族叙事

What Is Meant by "Factuality"——White Deer Plain and Narratives on Clan in Modern Literature

在新文学意识形态的规约之下,乡村现实社会中存在的宗族形态一直在文学世界中隐而不显。而新时期文学中宗族的复现,动摇了此前的主流叙事规范,继而《白鹿原》以乡村宗族为叙事中心,展现出新的历史图景,并引发了对阶级斗争叙事"真实性"的质疑。倘能在现代中国与传统社会关系变迁的历史背景中,系统梳理宗族叙事与阶级叙事相互纠葛缠绕的动态过程,则可能打开一片新的视野,更全面地认识《白鹿原》的文学史意义,从中亦可呈现"真实性"这一当代文学批评话语本身的建构和脉络的变化。

In response to the convention and prescription of neo-literature ideology, clans described in literary works are often devoid of concrete forms though they are visible in the rural areas in reality. Recurrence of clan in literary works challenges the mainstream narrative norms as exemplified by White Deer Plain, which centers its narrative on clans in the country, depicts a new historical panorama, and raises doubts over the ＂Factuality＂ of narratives on class clashes. In the historical background of changes and evolutions of social relations between modern China and cultural traditions, a new vision can be conjured up if the dynamic process of interactions between narratives of clans and those of class clashes can be systematically probed into and analyzed, which can better embody the significance of White Deer Plain in literary history and reveal the construct and development roadmap of ＂Factuality＂ in the parole of modern literary criticism.