阿多诺美学中的“异化”思想

The "Alienation" Thought in Adorno's Aesthetics

异化思想是阿多诺继承前人社会批判理论以及对现实异化生存状况体验、反思的结果,是贯穿其美学的一条红线。阿多诺通过对启蒙的反思,将人类异化的根源追溯到主客二分最初的思维方式以及由此产生的人类文明,将异化看成是与人类历史相伴随的永恒现象,相对于马克思私有制特定时期的异化理论,具有片面的深刻性。阿多诺以其激进的、否定的辩证法为利器,通过对现代主义艺术的辩护,实现了他对异化现实的批判与乌托邦的救赎。

Adorno＇s ＂Alienation＂ thought, a main theme governing his aesthetics, is the result of his inheritance of the predecessors＇ social criticism theories and experiences, reflecting the living conditions of alienation in real life. With the thought of ＂ enlightenment ＂, Adorno traces human ＂alienation＂ back to the original way of thinking in the perspective of the subject-object dichotomy, as well as to the human civilization resulting from it. To Adorno, ＂alienation＂ is regarded as an eternal phenomenon accompanying human history, which is of unilaterally profundity as compared with Marx＇s ＂alienation＂ theory of the private ownership system in its specific period. Adorno, who defends the modem art by using his radical ＂negative dialectics＂ as a weapon, has realized both his criticism of alienation reality and utopian salvation.