微生态制剂和着色剂对锦鲤体色的影响

Effects of probiotics and coloring agents on body color of koi carp Cyprinus carpio

以锦鲤Cyprinus carpio皮肤(带鳞片)和尾鳍中的总类胡萝卜素含量作为锦鲤体色的衡量标准,研究了微生态制剂(投喂和泼洒)与着色剂对红色锦鲤幼鱼体色的影响。结果表明:对照组锦鲤皮肤中的总类胡萝卜素含量随饲养时间的延长逐渐增加,并在饲养的第8周达到最大值(38.69 mg/kg±8.64 mg/kg);投喂着色剂和微生态制剂的两组锦鲤皮肤中总类胡萝卜素含量也随投喂时间的延长显著增加(P<0.05),均在第6周达到最大值,分别为(45.78±3.16)mg/kg和(53.91±4.49)mg/kg,在停止投喂着色剂和微生态制剂两周后,该两组锦鲤皮肤中的总类胡萝卜素含量均有所降低,分别为(44.05±4.78)mg/kg和(50.99±5.45)mg/kg;而只投喂微生态制剂的两个试验组和只泼洒微生态制剂的两个试验组锦鲤皮肤中的总类胡萝卜素含量均随饲养时间的延长而逐渐增加,在试验的第8周达到最大值,与对照组表现出相同的规律,且投喂微生态制剂的两个试验组在数值上要略高于对照组,分别为(40.21±5.74)mg/kg和(39.74±4.96)mg/kg,而泼洒微生态制剂的两个试验组与对照组含量相当,分别为(38.31±9.31)mg/kg和(38.34±6.78)mg/kg。这说明微生态制剂无论是作为饲料添加剂投喂或是水体泼洒使用对锦鲤体色的作用都是安全的,并且投喂微生态制剂虽然短时间内对锦鲤体色的影响不明显,但长时间投喂可以在一定程度上起到增色的作用,不会因停止使用而发生褪色的现象。微生态制剂和着色剂对锦鲤尾鳍中总类胡萝卜素含量的影响不明显。

The effects of probiotics and coloring agents on body color shown by carotenoid contents in the skin （with scales） and the caudal fin were studied in koi carp Gyprin＇s carpio fingerlings. The results showed that the total carotenoid contents in the skin in the control group were increased as the extension of the feeding time, a maximum value of （38.69±8.64）mg/kg in the 8th week. In the two cases of feeding coloring agents and probiotics, the total carotenoid contents in the skin were found to be increased significantly as the feeding time extended （P〈 0. 05）, the maximum values of （45.78±3.16）mg/kg and （53.91±4.49）mg/kg in the 6th week. However, the total carotenoid contents were found to be decreased in both the test group and the control group, with the equilibri- um values of （44.05±4.78 ）mg/kg and （50.99±5.45）mg/kg, when the dietary probiotics and coloring agents were unfed. It is turned out that coloring agents such as astaxanthin and spirulina powder can greatly increase the body color of the koi carp. In the two cases of feeding probiotics, the total carotenoid contents were increased in the skin until the 8th week with the maximum values of （40.21±5.74）mg/kg and （39.74±4.96）mg/kg, respectively, much more than the values in the control group. In the two cases of supplementation of probioties, the fish followed the same trends with the maximum values of （38.31±9.31）mg/kg and （38.34±6.78） mg/kg, similar to the values in the control group, indicating that the probiotics, and increases the body color in the long term, without the fading color when the feeding is stopped, even though little effect on the body color in the short term.