一份云南地方稻广谱持久抗稻瘟病初步分析

Analysis of Broad Spectrum and Persistent Rice Blast Resistance in Yunnan Local Rice Variety

为发掘利用广谱持久抗稻瘟病水稻质源,接种分析了云南地方粳稻品种子预44对云南省7群18个稻瘟病菌生理小种的苗叶瘟抗性,考察了该品种大田穗瘟抗性及其作为抗源育种利用的情况。结果表明,子预44抗6群16个中国稻瘟病菌生理小种,即ZA1,ZA49,ZA57,ZA61;ZB1,ZB13,ZB17,ZB25;ZC1,ZC3,ZC13,ZC15;ZE1,ZE3;ZF1和ZG1。而且作为抗源育种利用20多年还未丧失抗性,具有广谱持久稻瘟病抗性。用其作父本分别与高感稻瘟病粳稻丽江新团黑谷和江南香糯杂交,获得F1、F2和BC1F1遗传群体。用稻瘟病菌生理小种ZB13和ZE1分别对亲本丽江新团黑谷、江南香糯和子预44及其杂交后代群体F1、F2和BC1F1进行分蘖期接种鉴定和遗传分析。结果表明,子预44对稻瘟病菌生理小种ZB13和ZE1均表现为单基因控制的显性遗传。这些研究结果为进一步开展子预44抗稻瘟病基因的定位与克隆,以及育种利用提供了重要基础。

In order to discover rice germplasms with rice blast resistance, a local rice variety Ziyu44 of Yunnan province, China, was studied preliminarily. 18 physiological races from 7 pathological groups of Yunnan province were inoculated on 3 - 4 leaves seedlings of Ziyu44 for evaluating the broad spectrum and persistent resistance. Panicle blast resistance of Ziyu44 at field trials, in Yiliang county where rice blast was devastated were also assessed from 2004 -2007. And the utilization of Ziyu44 as a breeding source against rice blast was investigated furthermore by investigating the blast resistance pedigree of the breeding materials. Data showed that Ziyu44 demonstrated a broad spectrum blast resistance, with R reaction to all the 16 physiological races inclusion of ZA1 , ZA49, ZA57, ZA61 ; ZB1 , ZB13, ZB17, ZB25 ; ZC1 , ZC3 , ZC13, ZC15 ; ZE1 , ZE3 ; ZF1 and ZG1. Data of Ziyu44 as a donor for blast resistant breeding and the field performance since 1987 also indicated that the blast resistance was broad spectrum and persistent. Furthermore, the F1 , F2 and BC1F1 were derived from Ziyu44 crossed with blast susceptible Japonica rice cultivar, Lijiangrdnmanheigu （LTH） and Jiangnanxiangnuo （JXN）, and the F1 , F2 and BC1F1 population were inoculated by injection with blast isolates ZB13 and ZE1 at tillering stage. Genetic analyses on the three populations of F1, F2 and BC1F1 showed that Ziyu44 was resistant to ZBI3 and ZE1 , and both were controlled by single dominant gene. These results provided essential information for mapping, cloning and further utilization of the blast resistance genes of Ziyu44.