云南省新烟区土壤肥力状况综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation of Soil Fertility Status for New Tobacco-growing Areas in Yunnan Province

对云南省保山市、临沧市、普洱市、文山州4个新烟区249个耕层土壤样本的主要养分指标进行了测定,并运用相关分析法确定各土壤养分指标的权重,通过估算土壤肥力综合指标值(IFI)对云南新烟区土壤肥力进行综合评价。结果表明:①云南省4个新烟区pH值均较适宜,有机质和氮素养分含量水平总体较高,磷素养分(全磷、速效磷)含量偏低,钾素养分中全钾含量偏低,速效钾含量中等,但地区间差异较大。②云南省新烟区IFI值平均为0.63,变幅为0.12～1.07,土壤肥力状况变异较大。新烟区83.5%的土壤肥力在中等及以上水平,文山、临沧2个新烟区土壤综合肥力指标值较高,分别达到了0.73和0.61。而普洱新烟区土壤综合肥力指标值相对较低,仅为0.51;同时,普洱烟区肥力水平较低的土壤所占比例也比较大,达到了13.79%。

The main soil nutrient indexes of 249 topsoil samples from the 4 new tobacco-growing counties in Yunnan province were determined, and the weight value of each index was determined with the method of correlation analysis, and then soil fertility of 4 counties were evaluated by estimating integrated fertility index （IFI） of each soil sample. The result showed that ： （ i ） pH values of the soil in 4 new tobacoo-growing counties were suitable, contents of organic matters, total N and hydrolytic N in soils were totally high, whereas contents of P （total P and available P） and total K were low. Available K was suitable but varied distinctly in 4 new tobacco-growing areas. （ ii ） There existed significant difference in the soil fertility of 4 new tobccco-growing counties in Yunnan province. IFI values of the new tohacoo-growing counties varied from 0. 12 to 1.07, with the mean of 0.63. And 83.5 percent of the soil fertility levels were medium and above. IFI values of the soils in Wenham and Lincang were high, which amounted up to 0.73 and 0.61, respectively. But IFI value of the soil in Puer was relatively lower than others, which only was 0.51. At the same time, the proportion of the soil in low fertility grade in Puer was large, which was 13.79 %.