新疆额尔其斯河“喀塑克”-布尔津河段河谷林草生态需水分析

Analysis of Ecological Water Requirement of Vegetation in Eerqisi River from Kasuke Segment to Buerjin Segment in Xinjiang

西部大开发过程中的水电建设将不可避免地引起河段生态环境改变,因此,在水电建设的同时确定河段植被生态需水量显得尤为重要。本文结合历史积累资料以及观测数据,根据Penman-Monteith公式确定研究区河段生态需水。①根据积累数据以及公式计算可以看出,额尔其斯河"喀塑克"至布尔津河段冬季11～3月ET0较小,而7月ET0最大,达到173mm;②"喀塑克"至布尔津河段生态需水定额在7月份最大,从4月到7月生态需水定额逐渐增加,之后则逐渐减小,需水量与温度紧密相关;③从总量上来看,苇地净需水定额最大,其次为有林地和人工林,荒漠草地、沙地和草地较小。

In this study,based on accumulated information and observed data, ecological water requirement of vegetation in Eerqisi River from Kasuke segment to Buerjin segment in Xinjiang was detenn;ned according to the formula of Penm-Monteith. The results showed that, ETo was lower from November to March and the highest in July（173mm） in Eerqisi river from Kasuke segment to Buerjin segment,and arrived at 173 mm. Ecological water requirement of vegetation increased gradually from April to July and reduced gradually after July and ecological water requirement related to temperature. The reed land needed the biggest ecological water requirement of vegetation and a second concern was the forest land, artificial forest land, desert grass land, sand land, grass land.