马尾松种源加密实生种子园子代测定的初步研究

Study on Progeny Tests of High-density Seedling Seed Orchards of Pinus massoniana Provenances

经15年的经营和观测马尾松种源加密实生种子园,摸清并掌握了5大种子区18个种源270个家系的遗传变异特性。为进一步揭示子代的变异,进行了子代苗和子代林的测定研究,结果表明,子代苗在不施肥的情况下,中亚热带15个种源的苗高、地径的生长优势明显,80%～90%达到Ⅰ级标准,而安徽省3个种源(对照)只有40%～50%能达到Ⅰ级标准,差异竟达1倍。6年生子代测定林,其17个种源的平均材积生长量比潜山对照种源增益73.5%,可见生长指标连续稳定变异的优势明显;同时,树干通直度I级木平均达到55.3%,而潜山对照I级木平均为25%,可见形质指标差异极其明显,将为选择改良提供可靠的依据。

Through 15-year management and observation of high-density seedling seed orchards of Pinus massoniana provenances,achievements were made in detailed investigation and good understanding of the genetic variation characteristics of 270 strains from 18 provenances and 5 seed areas.Tests on progeny seedlings and forests were made to reveal useful progeny variations.The results showed that the progeny seedlings from 15 provenances in mid-subtropical regions had significant advantages in basal-diameter growth under no fertilization,80%～90% of which met Grade I standard,2 times of the control group,while only 40%～50% seedlings of 3 provenances from Anhui Province（control group） met the standard.In 6-year-old progeny testing forests,the average volume increment from 17 provenances was higher than that of the control provenance in Qianshan County by 73.5%,which showed significant advantages in growth index continuous stable variations.On the average,55.3% of the trees met the stem straightness Grade I standard,while only 25% from the control group in Qianshan County met the standard,showing significant differences in form quality index,which could provide reliable basis for further selection and improvement.