探月飞行器定点返回轨迹特性分析

Point Return Trajectory Characteristics Analysis for a Lunar Spacecraft

对探月飞行器返回到预期着陆点的轨迹特性进行了研究,着重分析了月球定点返回着陆点和再入点位置的变化规律。分析了返回轨迹特征点的相对位置特性,包括月球反垂点、再入点、近地点,得到了再入点速度、纬度具有变化较稳定的规律。在特征点位置特性研究的基础上,给出了着陆点和再入点位置分析近似方法;基于月相原理研究了着陆点光照条件和月球返回窗口的关系,定性地给出了基本结论。基于双二体模型进行轨迹仿真计算,验证了利用该理论模型分析月球定点返回轨迹的有效性。

The point return orbit characteristics for a vehicle from a lunar mission were studied, and how the landing point and reentry point vary was focused upon. Firstly, analysis of some characteristic points was presented, and lunar antipode, reentry point and perigee were included. Then the stabilization property of the latitude and velocity at reentry point was achieved. Furthermcre, based on the chamcteristics of the foregoing three points, approximate method for the theoretical relation of landing point and reentry point was proposed. In addition, relation of lighting condition at landing point and lunar return window was analyzed by using lunar phase law, and the basic conclusions was attained qualitatively. Finally, the orbit simulation was established with double two-body model, which shows the feasibility of this theoretical modal in predicting the lunar point return orbit.