我国公立大学治理变革的困境与破解——基于路径依赖理论的分析

The Dilemma of the Transition of Public University Governance and Its Break——Based on the Theory of Path Dependency

改革开放以来,我国公立大学治理变革在大学与政府权力关系层面取得了重大突破,大学获得了一定程度的办学自主权,然而,大学内部治理依然沿袭旧制度,形成了大学办学自主权被大学书记和校长垄断的集权化治理模式。我国大学治理的最初形态是由20世纪50年代的计划经济体制所决定。在计划经济向市场经济体制转变后,由于制度矩阵相互依赖产生的网络效应,以及特殊利益集团的阻滞,使大学治理转型陷入一种无效率的锁定状态。破解路径依赖的困境,有赖于国家主体全面介入,实施强制性制度变迁。

Since the reform and open, Chinese public university made an important breakthrough in the reform of the relationship betwwen university and government. The university had got lots of autonomy, but at the same time, its internal governance structure remained an old system, which means that the secretary of the party committee as well as the president monopolize the university exlusively. At the very beginning, the initial form of the university governance was determined by the planned economy system. After the transition form planned economy to the market economy, the university governance fell into the ineffignt lock-in situation, as a result of the network effect which comes from the interdependent institution matrix and the blocking influence of the special interest group. In order to break the path dependency, the state should get involved and implement the compulsory institutional transition.