石河子垦区葡萄害虫种类及主要害虫田间消长规律研究

Study on Grapevine Pests in Shihezi Region of Xinjiang

【目的】摸清石河子垦区葡萄害虫的种类、分布及为害情况,研究主要害虫发生规律。【方法】通过定点调查结合普查,对石河子垦区葡萄害虫进行调查研究。【结果】石河子垦区葡萄害虫有8种,它们是葡萄斑叶蝉(Erythroneura apicalis Nawa)、缺节瘿螨[Colomerus vitis(Pagenstecher)]、东方盔蚧(Parthenolecanium corniBouche)、土耳其斯坦叶螨(Tetranychus turkestani Ugarov&Nikolskii)、白星花金龟[Potosia brevitarsis(Lewis)]、绿长突叶蝉(Batracomorphus pandarus Knight)、沙漠墨蟋[Melanogryllus desertus(Pallas)]和钳叶甲(Labidostomis senicula Kraatz)。【结论】葡萄斑叶蝉和缺节瘿螨是石河子垦区葡萄栽培的主要害虫,分布广,为害重,8月底为葡萄斑叶蝉种群数量最高峰。绿长突叶蝉为害酒葡萄的新害虫,有扩散蔓延的趋势,其越冬代成虫发生量高峰期为6月底;第一代若虫高峰期为7月下旬;第一代成虫高峰期为9月中旬。6月中旬为白星花金龟羽化出土盛期。

Grapevine pests in Shihezi region of Xinjiang were investigated in the paper.The results indicated that there were eight species of insect pests in Shihezi region,including Erythroneura apicalis Nawa, Colomerus vitis（Pagenstecher）,Parthenolecanium corni Bouche,Tetranychus turkestani Ugarov Nikolskii, Potosia brevitarsis（Lewis ）,Batracomorphus pandarus Knight,Melanogryllus desertus（Pallas ） and Labidostomis senicula Kraatz.Among them,E.apicalis and C.vitis were the main pests in the vinegrowing of Shihezi region.The distribution and damage level of E.apicalis and C.vitis were severe.E.apicalis reached population quantity peak at the end of August.B.pandarus was the new pest of wine grape and has the trend to pervade.The highest peak of occurrence of winter adult population was at the end of June.The peak of the first generation nymphae was in the last ten days of July;The peak of the first generation adults was in the mid - September.P.brevitarsis that emerged out of the soil after eclosion was in mid - June.