宋人对《史记》和《汉书》中晁错形象的接受——兼论晁错之死因

Acceptance in Song Dynasty about Chao Cuo's Image in Historical Records and History of Han Dynasty——Additionally on Cause of Chao Cuo's Death

以宋文为例,探讨了宋人对《史记》和《汉书》中晁错形象的接受。宋人认为晁错确为忠臣,并认为袁盎献计杀晁错是晁错之死的直接原因。同时,宋人认为晁错削藩之策有失误之处,加之晁错有性格缺陷,谋身之计不足,终惹杀身之祸。宋代史学繁荣的背景之下,党争中出现了君子小人之辨、正邪之辨的风气,使得文人对忠臣与奸臣的论说兴趣大增,且晁错改革家的身份在宋代改革风云中能够产生共鸣,加之晁错自身浓厚的悲剧意义,诸多因素共同使得晁错成为宋人笔下常常论说的对象。另外,笔者对晁错之死提出了自己的看法。

The paper explores the acceptance in Song Dynasty about Chao Cuo＇ s image in Historical Records and History of Han Dynasty, taking the works of Song Dynasty for instance. The People of Song Dynasty considered Chao Cuo as a loyal minister and at- tributed Chao Cuo＇ s death directly to Yuan Ang＇ s suggestion. Besides, the People of Song Dynasty deemed that the deficiency of Chao Cuo＇ s weakening seigniors＇ power policy as well as his personality and surviving tactics caused his unfortunate ending of being killed. Under the background of historiographic prosperity in Song Dynasty, it appeared arguments between gentlemen and flunkies in party fighting, and the good and the evil in Song Dynasty, which literators increased their interest in discourses of loyal and traitor ministers. In addition, Chao Cuo＇ s identity of reformer in good company in the wave of reformation in Song Dynasty, and his strong tragic destiny, etc. made Chao Cuo as the character often described under the pen of the people of Song Dynasty. Taking the above factors into consideration, the author puts forward his view on the death of Chao Cuo.