古典小说文化阐释漫论

On the Cultural Interpretation of Classic Novels

文化阐释是文学接受中一种带有创造性理解的批评方法。文化阐释突出了文学接受主体的地位,肯定了读者历时接受和共时阐释的"创造性背离"或能动性"曲解"权利,读者可按照自己的世界观、艺术观、审美趣味进行创作性阐释,赋予文本各种新的意义。古典小说文化阐释的对象,包括作品故事情节、人物形象原型、母题以及作品的情感取向、所依持文化现象与意识等;其原则方法有结构性阐释、批评性阐释两大类型。在古典小说接受中,具有典范性意义的学术成就大多是不同程度对文化阐释的运用。

Cultural interpretation is a critical method with creative understanding in accepted literature.Cultural interpretation highlights the status of accepted principal of literature,confirms the readers’ rights of the ＂creative deviation＂ or initiative ＂active distortion＂.Readers can take a creative interpretation about the text according to their own views of world,arts,and aesthetic tastes,giving the text various kinds of new meanings.As for the objects of cultural interpretation of classical novels,including plots of works,archetype of characters,topics,and the emotional approaches of works,the cultural phenomenon and consciousness holders owned,and so on;its principles and methods mainly include two types： structural interpretation and critical interpretation.Exemplary academic achievements use mostly cultural interpretation with different degree in the acceptation of classical novels.