大学物理实验教学中存在的问题及应对策略

Present situation and strategies of physics experiment teaching in colleges and universities

从21世纪社会发展对人才培养的要求出发,总结了大学物理实验教学的现状,分析了实验教学中三个比较突出的问题:中学物理实验与大学物理实验的衔接问题,学生创新能力的培养问题和实验教学环节的控制问题.根据学生情况和教学实践,应采取以下对策:提高学生对大学物理实验的认识、降低大学物理实验教学的起点、注重知识之间的联系、确立学生的主体地位;加强大学物理实验教学的趣味性、创设问题情景引导学生进行创新活动;实验前的预习、实验中的操作和实验后的撰写报告是大学物理实验教学的三个基本教学环节,对各教学环节要严格把关,确保达到学会实验、掌握基本技能的目的.

To suit the needs of cultivating the talents in the 21st century,the paper analyzes the present situation of physics experiment teaching and finds out three main problems.The convergence of teaching physics experiment between university and secondary school,the problem of cultivating the creativity of students and the control of teaching procedures.According to the situation of our students and teaching practice,the author put forward a series of proposals,such as improve the students＇ understanding in physics experiments,lower the threshold of physics experiments,pay attention to the relations between main knowledge points,establish students＇ main status in teaching process,motivate students＇ interests in learning;create teaching situations to guide the creative activity of students.Preparation for lessons before class,carrying out the experiment and report writing are the three main teaching procedures.It is necessary to control the procedures strictly to guarantee that all students can make much progress in knowledge and skills.