论个体性别社会化和性别角色表演

Gender Socialization and Gender Performance of the Individuals

长期以来,基于性别差异,尤其是男女两性性别差异的两性性别心理及其形成一直是心理学和社会心理学领域的热门议题。以社会学为视角分析个体性别心理的形成与发展,主张个体性别社会化和性别角色表演是社会性别与社会心理学领域的两大重要概念,探讨了个体性别心理形成与发展中的性别社会化和性别角色表演,认为社会和个体合力建构了性别心理—行为机制,而这一机制又对个体的性别社会化和性别角色表演进行导向和规范。在这一机制中,社会影响力无疑是强大的,但个体的建构力也不可小觑。因此,即使是个体,在改善现有的性别文化,创建新的性别制度中,也是大有作为的。

Gender psychology and its formation have long been the popular topics in psychological studies and social psychology. From the perspective of sociology, the paper analyzes the formation and development of the gender psychology of individuals and holds that the gender socialization and gender performance of the individuals are two major concepts in this field. It concludes that society and individuals combine to form the behavior mechanism of gender psychology and this mechanism in turn guides and controls the gender socialization and gender performance of the individuals. In short, both society and individuals exert much influence on the gender culture and mechanism.