章太炎的民族主义:天下、世界与民族国家

The Whole Country,the World and the Nation-state: A Study of Zhang Taiyan′s Nationalism

中国近代的民族主义不仅受到西方的影响,也受到传统历史和思想的制约,研究章太炎的民族主义思想,不能仅限于用西方的民族主义类型对之进行分析,还需要充分考虑近代中国民族主义思想需要处理的一个重大问题,即传统"天下"观念如何同时向"世界"和民族国家观念转变。对章太炎关于种族与文明、排满与种界、民族与国家等三个层面的思想的考察充分地说明此一转变在他身上的表现。

The Chinese nationalism in early modem times was under the influence of both the Western countries and the traditional Chi- nese ideas. The study of Zhang Taiyan＇s idea of nationalism should take both the Western classification of nationalism into account but also his changing ideas which found expression in his understanding of race, civilization, rejecting the Mans, the racial classification, nation and state.