基于福利经济学视角的出租车数量管制分析

Analysis on Taxi Quantity Control from the Angle of Welfare Economics

出租车行业竞争性很强,对该行业进行的数量管制必然以社会福利的损失为代价,主要表现在:数量管制造成人为的垄断,给社会带来无谓的损失并形成高额的垄断租金;数量管制限制消费者的选择权,对管制租金的争夺又导致出租车司机和管制主体之间的冲突;数量管制不能克服城市拥堵问题。取消出租车数量管制,可以避免由垄断造成的低效率,增加社会就业,提高消费者的福利。

There exists fierce competition in taxi industry, thus the quantity control on taxis will surely result in the loss of social welfare, which can be manifested in the following aspects： it leads to man-made monopoly, bringing about loss to the society which could have been avoided and forming high monopoly rent; it also restricts consumers＇ options and the disputes on the monopoly rent between the taxi drivers and the government cause their conflicts; moreover, it can not solve the problem of urban traffic congestion. The author thinks that abolishing the taxi quantity control can avoid the low efficiency caused by monopoly, increase employment rate and enhance consumers＇ welfare.