恩格斯《劳动在从猿到人的转变中的作用》的自然观及其当代启示

On Engels' View on Nature shown in "The Part Played by Labor in the Transition from Ape to Man" and its Contemporary Enlightenments

恩格斯的自然观立足于实践,以辩证法为方法论,探寻人与自然的关系问题。在《劳动在从猿到人的转变中的作用》一文中,恩格斯所阐发的自然观主要包括对劳动在人与自然分化过程中的作用的详细考察、对人与自然和谐统一关系的精辟论述和对人与自然矛盾解决的途径的系统阐释。它给我们的启示在于认清当代生态危机实质是人与人之间的利益对抗关系在人与自然关系上的极端表现;解决当代生态危机的根本出路在于从根本上变革不合理的资本主义社会关系和社会制度;处理好人和人之间在占有和使用自然资源上的利益关系,是实现我国现代化建设实践和环境保护双重胜利的关键。

Engels＇ view on nature is a system based on dialects and practices which explores the relationships between human and nature. In his essay ＂The Part Played by Labor in the Transition from Ape to Man＂ he expounds his scrutiny of the role of labor in the differentiation between man and nature, his elaboration on human-nature harmony and his systemic explanation of the way to solve human-nature conflicts. Engels＂ view enlightens us that contemporary ecological crisis is the extreme reflection of interpersonal interest conflicts on the human-nature relationship; that the ultimate way to solve the ecological crisis lies in fundamental change to irrational capitalist social relations and social systems; that reasonable disposition of interpersonal relationship on natural resource possession is the key for win-win success of China＇s socialist construction practices and environmental protection.