经济发达地区成人感染性腹泻的流行病学特点

Epidemiology of infectious diarrhea diagnosed clinically in prosperous economy area:analysis of 1240 patients

目的了解掌握经济发达地区成人感染性腹泻的流行病学特点,为预防控制感染性腹泻的流行提供科学依据。方法收集2008-2010年,门诊就诊的1240例感染性腹泻患者资料进行回顾性分析。结果成人感染性腹泻的发病年龄段主要在15～35岁,占51.5%;细菌性腹泻全年均有发生,在夏季发病比例较高;病毒性腹泻常年基本维持在20～40例/月,普遍高于细菌性腹泻的<10例/月,且在病毒流行季节(秋冬季)呈暴发趋势;细菌引起的腹泻,年发病率在2008-2010年均较低,分别为6.0%、2.8%、3.6%,而病毒性腹泻的年发病率均较高,分别为11.8%、22.0%、16.8%;经统计学分析,各年份之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论经济发达地区成人感染性腹泻最主要的病因是病毒感染,且呈现上升趋势,应加强相应的抗病毒健康教育工作。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of acute infectious diarrhea in prosperous economy area so as to provide scientific reference for prevention and control of enteric infectious diseases.METHODS A total of 1,240 cases who were clinically diagnosed infectious diarrhea from 2008 to 2010 were analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS The age distribution of infected people was mainly between 15 and 35 years-old of 1240 patients,with percentage of 51.5%.There were bacterial diarrhea cases throughout full year and its incidence rate was higher in summer.There were 20-40 cases per month for virus diarrhea in full year and its incidence rate was higher accompany with bacterial prevalence,which were below 10 cases per month.Moreover,there was trends of outbreak in the viral epidemic season（autumn and winter）.There was significant difference of incidence rate between virus diarrhea and bacterial diarrhea in 2008-2010（P〈0.01）.CONCLUSION The foremost etiology of infectious diarrhea is viral infectious in prosperous economy area,and it shows an upward tendency.