医院感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing nosocomial infection

目的了解医院2010年病原菌的分离率、临床分布及耐药性变化趋势,有效指导临床合理用药和控制医院感染。方法分析2010年1-12月送检的4287份标本,采用API鉴定系统进行菌株鉴定,药敏试验采用琼脂扩散法敏感试验(K-B法),分析其耐药性。结果共分离出1740株病原菌,其中主要的病原菌为铜绿假单胞菌占13.9%,肺炎克雷伯菌占9.3%,大肠埃希菌占8.8%,金黄色葡萄球菌占8.7%,白色假丝酵母菌占21.8%等;鲍氏不动杆菌对亚胺培南,美罗培南敏感率均为35.4%,铜绿假单胞菌对头孢他啶,哌拉西林/他唑巴坦敏感率为81.0%和73.1%。结论医院感染病原菌在不同类型标本中均以产ESBLs及耐甲氧西林病原菌为主,对常规抗菌药物耐药;因此控制医院感染耐药菌产生,合理使用抗菌药物具有十分重要的意义。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the isolation rate,clinical distribution and the change of drug resistance of pathogens isolated in 2010,to guide reasonable use of antibiotics and control nosocomial infection.METHODS A total of 4287 strains of clinic pathogenic bacteria from December in 2010 were collected,the strains were identified by API system,drug sensitivity was tested by（K-B）,and the drug resistance was analyzed.RESULTS Totally 1753 strains were isolated,The major pathogenic bacteria causing hospital infection were Pseudomonas aeruginosa（PAE）（13.9%）,Klebsiella pneumoniae（9.3%）,Escherichia coli（8.8%）,Staphyloccocus aureus（8.7%）,and Candida albican（21.8%）.The sensitive rates of PAE to ceftazidime and piperacllin/tazobactam were 81.0% and 73.1%.CONCLUSION ESBLS-producing and methicillin-resistant pathogenic bacteria are predominant in hospital infection,and are resistant to regular antibiotics,therefore it is very important to control the occurrence of pathogenic bacteria of drug resistance and reasonably use antibiotics.