γ-氨基丁酸对蛋鸽就巢习性、免疫和抗氧化性能的影响

Effect of γ-aminobutyric acid on incubation,immunity and antioxidant activity in pigeon

选用360日龄的蛋鸽96对,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复8对,分别饲喂基础日粮(对照组)、基础日粮+20mg/kgγ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)(试验Ⅰ组)、基础日粮+40mg/kg GABA(试验Ⅱ组)和基础日粮+80mg/kg GABA(试验Ⅲ组)。预饲期10d,试验期30d。结果显示:(1)日粮中添加GABA能提高蛋鸽的月产蛋个数(P>0.05),缩短产蛋间隔(P>0.05),其中20mg/kg GABA组月产蛋个数增加13.66%(P>0.05),40mg/kg GABA组缩短产蛋间隔10.08%(P>0.05);(2)与对照组相比,40mg/kg GABA组显著降低血清中催乳素水平(P<0.05),提高促卵泡刺激素水平,显著提高血清中IgA、IgG和补体C3水平(P<0.05),但对IgM和补体C4水平没有显著影响;(3)3个剂量的GABA对肝组织和肾组织MDA含量无显著影响,但可以显著降低心组织中的MDA含量(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,40mg/kg GABA组显著提高肝组织与心组织中超氧化物歧化酶活性(P<0.05)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性(P<0.05)。结果表明,日粮中添加GABA可降低血清PRL水平,缩短就巢时间,通过增加机体的免疫性能和抗氧化性能,维持内分泌的稳定,改善蛋鸽的产蛋性能。

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of γ-aminobutyric acid（GABA） on incubation,immunity and antioxidant activity in pigeon.96 pairs pigeons aged 360 d were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replications of 8 each in 40 days trial.The treatments were as follows：basal diet（control group）,basal diet with 20（Group Ⅰ）,40（Group Ⅱ）,and 80（Group Ⅲ） mg/kg GABA,respectively.The results showed that：（1）the laying rate and laying interval were affected in all treatments.20 mg/kg GABA increased the laying rate by 13.66%（P0.05） and 40 mg/kg GABA decreased laying interval by 10.08%（P0.05）;（2）40 mg/kg GABA decreased prolactin concentration by 26.84%（P0.05）,increased the follicle stimulating hormone concentration by 9.06%（P0.05）,increased the concentration of serum IgA,IgM and C3,respectively（P0.05）;（3）The content of malondialdehyde in kidney and liver were not affected in every treatment,and in heart was significantly decreased（P0.05）.The activities of SOD and GSH-Px in liver and heart were significantly increased in 40 mg/kg GABA group.The results demonstrated that GABA could promote the laying performance by regulating endocrine,enhancing the immunity and antioxidant capacity.