井场硫化氢检测系统的研制

An optimal H_2S-detection system at well sites

目前井场常用的硫化氢传感器有固定式和便携式两大类,它们被重点安装在井口、钻台、振动筛、泥浆池、脱气器等处,其共同的特点是只检测大气中的硫化氢含量,而且这些传感器参数各异,尤其是反映传感器重要特征的参数——延迟时间也不尽相同,使得某些井场硫化氢监测起不到应有的作用。为此,对井场硫化氢传感器进行了优选,尤其是选用泥浆中硫离子的检测方法,突破了以往只检测大气硫化氢含量的单一方法,主要展开了对硫化氢监测传感器的选型、硫离子(S2-)传感器的选用、硫化氢采集处理系统研制等方面的研究。应用结果表明:①为分析硫化氢进入井筒后的反应,增加了喇叭口泥浆内测量传感器,保证第一时间最大限度的发现硫化氢溢出;②在充分考虑传感器结构和风向的影响后,优选了大气环境下硫化氢传感器;③硫化氢采集处理系统利用先进的计算机技术,不仅实现了远程监控和数据信息的传输,还能自动报警并启用喷淋装置,达到迅速消减硫化氢含量的目的,为安全生产提供了保障。

There are two types of H2S sensors now available at well sites including the fixed and the mobile ones.With the specific function of detecting the H2S contents in the air,they are particularly installed at the wellhead,the rig floor,the shale shaker,mud pit,degasser,etc.However,the H2S monitoring at some well sites is not so effective because of the different parameters of the sensors,especially a different lag time as the most essential characteristic parameter.In view of this,an optimal H2S sensor at well sites is selected,especially the detection method and the sensor are chosen for sulfur ions in mud,and the H2S data acquisition and processing system is developed.The application results show that(1)the additional placement of sulfur ion detection sensor at the mud bell mouth can ensure the H2S detection as early as possible when the H2S enters into the wellbore;(2)the most adaptable air-monitoring H2S sensors are selected based on the structures of the sensors and the effects of the wind direction;and(3)the H2S data acquisition and processing system with the advanced computer technology can not only realize remote monitoring and data transmission,but achieve automatic alarming and automatic startup of spray system to decrease the H2S content quickly so as to protect human lives and ensure safe operation.