理想与现实的调和:对我国《社会保险法》的反思与重塑

Reconciled of Ideal and Reality:Introspection and Reconstruction of Social Insurance Law

新中国的社会保险立法始于1950年代初期,作为计划经济产物之代表的《劳动保险条例》最早确立了我国社会保险的基本雏形。与市场经济相适应的社会保险立法启动于1990年代,《社会保险法》最终于2010年10月28日颁布、2011年7月1日实施。它作为我国社会保障领域关注程度最高、覆盖范围最广、效力等级最高的一部法律,对于确立社会保险领域的一些基本制度———如五种社会保险险种、国家责任、社保基金监管等具有重大的意义,但仍存在定位不准、责任不明、可操作性不强、技术处理不够周延等问题,期待通过实施条例、司法解释的出台及相关立法的完善等方式予以完备。

The legislation of social insurance in the new China began in the early 1950. As a product of the planned economy, the Labour Insurance Regulation first established the basic rules of China＇ s social insurance. Social insurance legislation of compatible with the market economy started in the 1990 and was enacted on 28 October 2010, it has enforced from 1 July 2011. As the most concerned and the most important law of social security, Social Insurance Act has much important influence on the basic system, for example , the five different kinds of insurance , state responsibility , supervision of social insurance funds. But it still needs more correct position, clearer of the responsibility, stronger of the operation. It should be reinforced by publishing the implementing measures, the judicial interpretation and the related legislation.