结核菌、艾滋病病毒双重感染的预防管理探讨

The Discuss of TB and HIV Dual Infection of Preventive Management

目的了解结核菌、艾滋病病毒双重感染患者的情况,探讨有利于双重感染预防的管理模式为建立TB/HIV双重感染患者的监测系统,制定治疗和管理机制提供依据。方法在同一单位整合AIDS/TB医疗负责小组,负责患者的诊断治疗管理工作,对结核患者进行AIDS咨询及人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)抗体检测,具体为结核患者抽取静脉血4mL,进行艾滋病病毒抗体检测,如两次酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测阳性,再做蛋白印迹试验(WB)确认,WB阳性者确认为艾滋病病毒阳性。另一方面对有咳嗽、咳痰、发热的AIDS患者筛查TB,检测上述化验的准确性。根据户籍、年龄、性别等因素统计分析TB/HIV双重感染者的分布特征。结果临湘市疾病预防控制中心提供300例结核患者中检出HIV阳性5例,双重感染为1.67%,男女无显著性差异(P>0.05),市区与农村也没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论同一单位小组管理模式有利于提高检测率和及时确诊,减少患者丢失、中断治疗、提高治愈率、降低病死率,对隔离治疗有益,值得进一步推广。

Objective Understanding of tuberculosis,HIV co-infection of patients,to explore the benefit of double infection prevention management model for the establishment of TB/HIV coinfected patient monitoring systems,to develop treatment and management mechanisms to provide a basis.Methods In the same agency to A IDS/TB is responsible for the medical team responsible for the management of the patient＇s diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in patients with AIDS consulting and human immunodeficiency virus（HIV） antibodies,specific for the TB patient taking blood 4mL,the AIDS virus antibodies,such as the two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） testing positive,then a western blot test（WB） confirmation,WB positive for HIV-positive confirmation.The other hand,have a cough,sputum,fever screening of AIDS patients with TB,testing the accuracy of the tests.According to residence,age,gender and other factors,statistical analysis of TB/HIV dual infection of the distribution.Results The results provide the city＇s CDC detected 300 cases of TB among HIV positive in 5 cases of double infection was 1.67%,no significant difference between men and women（P〉0.05）,urban and rural areas was not statistically significant（P〉0.05）.Conclusion The same unit management team will help improve the detection rate and timely diagnosis,reduce patient loss,interruption of treatment,increase cure rate,mortality,useful for isolation and treatment worthy of further promotion.