2000～2008年黑河流域潜在蒸散量的时空变化

Analysis on Temporal-spatial Variations of Potential Evapotranspiration in the Heihe River Basin during 2000-2008

[目的]研究2000~2008年黑河流域潜在蒸散量的时空变化。[方法]利用2000~2008年黑河流域21个气象站的逐日气候资料,结合FAO Penman-Monteith模型,分析了黑河流域9年来潜在蒸散量（ET0）的时空变化特征,并对其主要气候影响因子进行了探讨。[结果]黑河流域春、夏、秋、冬四季和年的ET0序列变化呈现缓慢上升趋势,但并未达到显著性水平;多年平均ET0空间分异特征明显,表现为从东北荒漠向西南山区逐渐减少,且多年季节变化依照夏、春、秋、冬季的顺序递减,逐月变化呈单峰变化趋势,峰值出现在7月。相对湿度、平均风速和水汽压是影响研究区内ET0变化的主要气候因子,而平均气温对ET0的影响作用不显著。[结论]该研究为制定流域规划、地区水利规划及排灌工程提供理论依据。

[Objective] The research aimed to study the temporal-spatial variations of potential evapotranspiration in the Heihe River basin during 2000-2008.[Method]Based on the climate data from 21 stations throughout the Heihe river basin during 2000 and 2008,the spatial and temporal distributions of the potential evapotranspiration（ET0） and the major climate factors over the Heihe river basin were analyzed using the Penman-Monteith Method recommended by FAO.[Result] Results showed that the annual and four season＇ ET0 during 2000-2008 insignificantly increase.The average ET0 becomes obvious spatial variation characteristics and shows distribution of gradual decrease from desert of northeast to mountain of southwest.Seasonal ET0 was in a sequence of summerspringautumnwinter and the highest monthly ET0 value appears in July.The critical factors which influenced ET0 were the relative humidity,mean wind speed and vapour pressure,while the mean air temperature increase had not significant effect on the ET0 change.[Conclusion] The study provides the theoretical basis for formulates the basin plan,the local water conservation plan and the irrigation and drainage project.