手术和输血前检测感染性疾病标志物的必要性

The necessity of testing infectious disease markers before surgery and blood transfusion

目的：了解手术和输血前病人乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）、丙肝抗体（抗-HCV）、艾滋病抗体（抗-HIV）和梅毒抗体四项感染性疾病标志物的感染情况，做好手术过程中的防护，避免因输血引起不必要的医疗纠纷。方法：用酶联免疫吸附试（ELISA）检测4922份病人标本的HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HIV和梅毒抗体。结果：4922份标本中HBsAg阳性198份，占4．2％；抗-HCV阳性93份，占1．9％；抗-HIV阳性2份，占0．04％；梅毒抗体阳性38份，占0．8％，总阳性率为6．94％。结论：手术和输血前进行感染性疾病标志物的检测，对防止交叉感染、术中医务人员防护以及对患者进行有效治疗具有十分积极的临床意义。

Objective： To understand the patients＇ situation of the four infection markers such as HBsAg, anti- HCV, anti- HIV and syphilis before surgery and blood transfusion, reduction medical malpractice and disputes caused by blood transfusion. Methods： The use of enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）, exam for the 4922 patients＇ sample for ALT, HBsAg, anti- HCV, anti -HIV,syphilis testing. Results：4922 Cases of patients testing positive rate of 6.94 percent of the total,of which 198 cases positive for HBsAg, taking up 4.2 % ; anti- HCV 93 cases, taking up 1.9 % ; anti- HIV positive in 2 cases, taking up 0. 04 % ; 38 cases of syphilis, taking up 0. 8%. Conclusion：To test the infection markers before surgery and blood transfusion,there is the clinical significance in preventing from cross infection,defense in surgery and effective treatment for patient.