煤样燃点检测仪表温度自适应控制系统设计

Design of temperature adaptive control system for coal sample burning point detection instrument

煤样的燃点是煤炭的重要物理属性,是煤炭开发、运输及使用过程中的重要的技术参数。煤样燃点检测国家标准中严格规定了煤样加热过程中升温速度的范围。针对煤样燃点检测中温度控制的工程需要,介绍了一种基于AT89C55单片机内核的煤样燃点检测仪表设计方法,重点研究了其温度控制系统的特点、关键技术问题及其解决办法。为了有效地解决对于煤样加热炉这一时滞、大惯性、时变参数受控对象的控制问题,采用了一种基于指数遗忘的递推最小二乘算法(recursive least squareswith exponential forgetting,RLSEF)的大林控制器(dahlin controller)。仿真结果表明该自适应Dahlin控制器可以有效地补偿受控对象的时滞、大惯性特性,并能很好地适应系统参数的变化,满足煤样燃点检测试验中对于升温速度控制的要求。

The burning point of coal sample is a crucial physical property of coal, and it is also a key technical parameter for the exploitation, transportation, and application of coal. The national standard for coal sample burning point detection prescribes a strict temperature rising rate in coal sample heating process. To meet this engineering requirement, we introduce the design scheme for a coal sample burning point detecting instrument, which is based on an AT89C55 MCU. The characteristics, key techniques and solutions for the temperature control system of the instrument are introduced. We employ an adaptive Dahlin controller based on Recursive Least Squares with Exponen- tial Forgetting （RLSEF） algorithm to solve the control problems of this time-delay, big inertia, and time-variable object （coal sample heating furnace）. Simulations show that the adaptive Dahlin controller can to not only compensate the time-delay and big inertia of the object, but also adapt to the variations of the system parameters, which meets the requirement of temperature rising rate in coal sample burning point detection.