企业节能减排意愿的影响因素分析——基于节能减排支持度感知角度

A Study on Influencing Factors of Enterprises' Willingness for Energy-Saving and Emission-Reduction Based on Perceived Support

在深度访谈和文献研究的基础上,首先形成了32个项目的节能减排支持度感知问卷,再对江西和江苏两省300家企业进行调查,利用探索性因素分析,揭示节能减排支持度感知由4个维度(14个项目)构成,分别是:持续发展支持度、政府支持度、绩效支持度和社会环境支持度,这4个因子共解释了支持度感知总变异的81.26%。最后通过信度分析和验证性因素分析,计算得出各因子与总分的α系数在0.807～0.919之间,分半信度在0.813～0.921之间,各因子与总分的相关程度明显高于各因子间的相关程度,证实了该问卷构想效度的合理性。将企业个体特征作为节能减排支持度感知的前因变量,采用Logistic回归证实了企业节能减排支持度感知的中介效应,并通过回归诊断验证了Logistic回归模型的有效性,揭示了意愿的影响因素及具体的作用路径,说明影响企业节能减排意愿的7个个体特征因素,实际是通过4个中介变量发生作用的。这一结论有利于政府更有效地制定节能减排政策,提高企业参与的意愿。

In recent years,energy-saving and emission-reduction has been playing an increasingly important role in most countries for the sustainability of energy and the environment.Of all energy consumers,the enterprise is the most essential one,so it would be of great importance to improve their willingness for energy-saving and emission-reduction through unraveling influencing factors of enterprises’ willingness for energy-saving and emission-reduction.In this study,a survey questionnaire of perceived support for energy-saving and emission-reduction including 32 items was developed based on in-depth interviews of 12 enterprises that conducted energy-saving and emission-reduction and on the literature.Then 300 enterprises with varying registrations,sizes,industries,time to construct and enter this industry,return levels,certification systems and the leaders’ education degree from Jiangxi and Jiangsu Provinces were investigated.Exploratory factor analysis shows that their perceived support contains four factors of 14 items,i.e.,support for sustainable development,governmental support,support for performance,and social and environmental support,which can explain 81.26% of the whole variance.Reliability tests were computed that coefficient α ranged from 0.807 to 0.919 and the split-half reliability ranged from 0.813 to 0.921.The correlation coefficient between factors and summation was higher than between factors,which demonstrates that the reliability and validity of the questionnaire were excellent and confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the factor validity of this questionnaire.Regarding the personal characters of enterprises as the reason variables,above 4 factors of perceived support as media variables,the Logistic regression analysis and diagnosis were applied to show the influencing factors.It was concluded that the enterprises’ willingness for energy-saving and emission-reduction was affected primarily by 7 personal factors of enterprises through the 4 perceived support factors as the mediators.The influent factors with their paths indicate that 7 personal factors,i.e.,enterprises’ size,industry,time to construct and enter this industry,return level,certification system,and leaders’ education degree influenced the willingness directly through the support for sustainable development and governmental support.The 3 personal factors,i.e.,enterprises’ industry,time to construct,and certification system did directly through support for performance,and social and environmental support.So it is helpful for the higher willingness to increase the perceived support of enterprises through the policies on the support for sustainable development,governmental support,support for performance,and social and environmental support.However,different enterprises should be treated differently.