击剑节奏的实验研究及训练创新

An Experimental Study on Fencing Rhythm and Training Innovation

为加深对击剑项目规律的认识,提高训练效率和训练效果,通过研究第11届全运会比赛录像以及全国比赛的现场测试,量化分析击剑比赛的节奏,即击剑比赛在时间和空间上的特征。结果表明,击剑各剑种的比赛在总耗时、交锋时间和移动距离上有明显的节奏和项目特点。训练创新,以男子花剑为例,个别课的理想模式是:单次课持续时间11～20 min,至少包含约37个技、战术组合,每次技、战术组合的时间约6～9 s,每个交锋移动距离约为9～10 m,一次个别课中运动员移动的距离不少于946 m。以男子佩剑为例,专项步伐训练中,持续3～4 s的组合步伐应重点练习,占总训练量的65%,其次是各种相持或转换练习,基本步伐练习所占比重最少。

In order to enhance understanding of the laws of fencing and improve training efficiency and training effectiveness, this paper studies video of the 11th National Games and by inch of field testing, quantitative analysis of the rhythm of fencing, the fencing competition at the time and space characteristics. The results show that the fencing in the total time-consuming, battle time and distance reveal clear rhythm and characteristics of the event. Training innovation, taking men＇ s foil as example, individual lessons are the ideal model ： the duration of a single class of 11 - 20 minutes, at least about 37 technical and tactical combinations, each combination of techniques and tactics for about 6-9 seconds, each a swords move a distance of about 9-10 meters, athlete should move more than 946 meters in an individual lessons. The men＇ s saber, for example, the special pace training should focus on the combination of the pace of practice which last 3 -4 seconds, 6 5% of the total training volume, followed by stalemate or conversion of various exercises, the proportion of the basic steps practice are least.