英国新大学运动及其对我国应用型本科教育的启示

British New University Movement and Its Enlightenment to the Application-oriented Undergraduate Education in Our Country

19世纪之前,以牛津、剑桥为代表的传统英式大学拒绝"降低门户"开展技术教育。随着资产阶级革命的胜利和工业革命的推动,英国经济社会对技术型、应用型人才的需求大增,新大学运动由此应运而生。英国新大学运动的发展对我国开展应用型本科教育有如下启示:大学的内在逻辑是一切大学的准则,外延式发展是大学改革的可信赖路径,在秉持传统的同时不应囿于传统。

Before the 19th century,some traditional British universities,represented by Cambridge University and Oxford University,refused to ＂lower down the admission standards＂ and carry out technical education.With the victory of bourgeois revolution and the promotion of the Industrial Revolution,some ＂New Universities＂ came into being,and bore the weight of British economic and social demand for technology-oriented and application-oriented talents.Then,some enlightenment was drawn from the development of British ＂New Universities＂ as follow： the internal logic of universities is the guiding principles for all universities;the extensive development is also a way of university reform which can be trusted;and the tradition should be carried on,but should not be limited to.