大豆生物固氮模型研究进展

Reviews on models for biological nitrogen fixation of soybean

定量描述大豆生物固氮量对于施肥管理以及农业非点源污染控制具有十分重要的意义。生物固氮模型作为一种重要工具,在定量预测大豆生物固氮速率方面具有不可替代的作用。国内研究者对不同环境因子对固氮的影响开展了一些工作,但多未从定量角度出发。国外的生物固氮模型按构建方式大致可以分为经验模型和机理模型两类,其中机理模型研究较多,也是目前生物固氮模型的主要发展方向。本文简述了这两类模型的研究现状,并着重介绍了5种目前国外使用较为广泛的田间尺度下的大豆生物固氮机理模型,比较了不同模型中采用的环境因子响应函数的差异,并对进一步的研究作了展望,以期为国内大豆生物固氮定量研究工作的开展提供借鉴。

It is important to quantitatively characterize biological nitrogen fixation （BNF） of soybean for farmland fertilizer management and non-point source pollution control. As a critical tool, BNF models play irreplaceable roles in predicting nitrogen fixation of soybean quantitatively. Domestic researchers have carried out some work on the influence of environmental factors on nitrogen fixation, however most of them are not from a quantitative point of view. BNF models can be classified into empirical-statistical models and process-based mechanistic models. In this paper, the two kinds of models are briefly introduced, and the five most commonly used mechanistic BNF models of soybean at the field scale abroad are highlighted. The response functions of different environmental factors to various models are compared, and the prospects for further BNF quantification research are discussed.