条斑紫菜(Porphyra yezoensis)选育品系壳孢子的放散量与耐高温性研究

THE RELEASING AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE RESISTANCE OF CONCHOSPORES FROM AN IMPROVED STRAIN IN PORPHYRA YEZOENSIS UEDA (BANGIALES,RHODOPHYTA)

模拟生产培育条件,对条斑紫菜选育品系(T-17)和野生型品系(WT)的贝壳丝状体在不同温度下的壳孢子放散量及壳孢子萌发体的生长发育进行了研究。结果表明,在18、23、24和25℃下,连续放散16d的平均每壳的壳孢子量,T-17分别为8.6×106、3.4×106、5.4×105和0个,WT分别为8.0×106、2.8×106、4.9×105和0个,两个品系之间无显著差异;18℃组的壳孢子萌发和生长均正常。将23℃下放散的壳孢子分别在三种高温条件下(23℃、24℃下培养3d再转入25℃、25℃)培养16d,壳孢子成活率,T-17分别为84.6%、59.7%和45.5%,而WT分别为33.0%、20.9%和17.1%,差异极显著。在三种高温条件下,WT的壳孢子萌发体均出现了畸形和烂苗,而T-17的壳孢子萌发体,23℃组发育正常,其余二组的发育也不正常,出现畸形。上述结果说明,T-17品系不仅具有与WT一样的壳孢子放散量,而且壳孢子和萌发体的耐高温能力均比WT强,有望在生产上得到应用。

The releasing, high-temperature resistance, and germination of the conchospores from an improved strain （T-17） of Porphyra yezoensis Ueda were studied. The average numbers of the total conchospores obtained from T-17 per shell over a releasing period of 16 days were 8.6×10^6, 3.4×10^6, 5.4×10^5, and 0 at 18, 23, 24, and 25℃, whereas were 8.0×10^6, 2.8×10^6, 4.9×10^5, and 0 for WT, respectively, There was no significant difference in the total numbers of conchospores between these two strains （P〉0.05）. The conchospores of both strains, being released at 18℃, all grew normally. When the conchospores released at 23℃, were cultured at three different high-temperatures （e.g. 23 ℃, 25℃ after a 3-day pre-culture at 24℃, or 25℃） for 16 days, the survival rates for T-17 were 84.6, 59.7, and 45.5%, whereas were 33.0, 20.9 and 17.1% for WT, respectively. The conchospore germlings of WT in these three culture conditions were abnormal in shape, and some rotted, while the conchospores of T-17 that were released and cultured at 23℃ grew into germlings in normal morphology, while under the other two culture conditions, the germlings grew irregularly. All the results indicate that the T-17 strain could release enough conchospores for cultivation, and its conchospores are tolerant to high-temperatures and Can germinate normally into blades at 23 ℃, suggesting that the strain may offer broad application in the nori industry.