不同留守时间下儿童公正感的特点及其与主观幸福感的关系

Left-home children's Belief in A Just World:Its Characteristic and Relationship with Well-being with different duration of left time

采用公正感问卷,生活满意度问卷和积极/消极情感问卷,选取5-8年级565名留守儿童和640名非留守儿童进行调查,探讨不同留守时间下儿童公正感的特点及其与主观幸福感(生活满意度,积极情感,消极情感)的关系。结果表明:(1)不同留守时间下,儿童的公正感得分存在边缘显著性差异(p=0.055);(2)总体上,留守儿童的公正感得分显著低于非留守儿童。具体讲,留守4年半以下和4年半～10年,儿童的公正感得分均显著低于非留守儿童;留守10年以上的儿童公正感得分和非留守儿童不存在差异;(3)各留守时间下,公正感对于生活满意度、积极情感均具有显著地正向预测作用,但对于消极情感仅在特定时间具有显著负向预测作用。表明,留守时间是影响儿童公正感特点及其和主观幸福感关系的重要因素。

565 left-home children and 640 non left-home children from grade 5 to 8 finished belief in a just world scale, life satisfaction scale, positive-negative affect scale for exploring left-home children＇ s characteristics of belief in a just world and its relationship with well-being. Results showed that： （1） there was a marginally significant difference on children＇ s belief in just world among groups with different left-home duration. （2） The level of belief in a just world of left-home children was significantly lower than that of non left-home children. Further analysis indicated that the level of belief in just world of left-home children with duration of left time shorter than 10 years were significantly lower than that of non left-home children, while there was no difference between left-home children with other duration time and non left-home children. （3） Belief in a just world had significant positive effect on life-satisfaction and positive affect within all duration of left time and had significant effect on negative affect at given left time. In conclusion, left time was an important factor to belief in a just world and its role of mental health.