四种水生动物对GM-2消油剂的急性毒性反应

Acute Toxicity of Oil Dispersant GM-2 to Four Species of Aquatic Animals

目的 比较研究4种处于生长发育早期的水生动物对GM-2消油剂的急性毒性反应.方法 采用静水式方法,进行GM-2消油剂对蒙古裸腹溞（Moina monggollica） I龄幼体、裸项栉虾虎鱼（Ctenogobius gymnauchen）仔鱼、卤虫（Artemia）幼体、凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）仔虾的急性毒性试验,测定24 h半致死浓度（24 hLC50）.结果 4种水生动物的24 hLC50分别为53.08,228.98,4132.79和9404.08 mg/L.结论 1）消油剂对4种水生动物的毒性存在种间差异,敏感性顺序由大到小为蒙古裸腹溞、裸项栉虾虎鱼、卤虫、凡纳滨对虾;2）该消油剂对蒙古裸腹搔I龄幼体和裸项栉虾虎鱼仔鱼的毒性很强,低于国家标准的规定.

Objective To compare and determine the acute toxicity of oil dispersant GM-2 to the larvae of four species of aquatic animals and to provide reference for application and management of oil dispersant. Methods Static toxicitiy tests of oil dispersant GM-2 to Moina monggollica larvae, Ctenogobius gymnauchen larvae, Artemia nauplii and Litopenaeus vannamei postlarvae were carried out, and the measurement of 24h-median lethal concentrations （24hLC50） were done. Results The 24h LCso values of the four aquatic animals were respectively 53.08, 228.98, 4132.79 and 9404.08 mg/L. Conclusion There were significant differences in toxicities of the oil dispersant, the sensitivities of the four aquatic animals to oil dispersant were from high to low Moina monggollica larvae, Ctenogobius gymnauchen larvae, Artemia nauplii and Litopenaeus vannamei postlarvae. There was strong acute toxicity of the oil dispersant to Moina monggollica larvae and Ctenogobius gymnauchen larvae, the 24 h LCs0 were muchlower than that of the state standard （GB 181881.1-2000）.