云南商品牛肝菌中易混淆毒牛肝系统学研究

Systematics of the Easily Confusing Poisonous Boletes from Yunnan Wild Mushroom Markets

基于ITS序列的分子系统学与形态分类学方法,对云南商品牛肝菌进行分子系统学研究。研究结果显示,易混淆毒牛肝菌不是一个自然类群,它们镶嵌在牛肝菌目的各分支中;牛肝菌属不是单系群;绿盖裘氏牛肝菌Chiua virens(W.F.Chiu)Y.C.Li&Z.L.Yang、圆花孢牛肝菌Heimioporus retisporus(Pat.&C.F.Baker)E.Horak、黄粉末牛肝菌Pulver-oboletus ravenelii(Berk.&M.A.Curtis)Murrill、紫盖牛肝菌Tylopilus eximius(Peck)Singer和小孢粉孢牛肝菌Tylopilusmicrosporus S.Z.Fu,Q.B.Wang&Y.J.Yao是云南商品牛肝菌中易混淆的5种毒牛肝菌。

Morphological characters and the phylogeny based on the nueleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer （ITS） regions of the nuclear ribosomal gene cluster of the commercial boletes on Yunnan mushroom markets were studied. The phylogeny of easily confusing poisonous boletes in specimens collected from mushroom markets were analyzed. The research results revealed that the poisonous boletes was not a naturally monophyletic group, which were scattered in different family or genus. The genus Boletus was not the monophyletic group. Five poisonous species of the commercial boletes, i.e. Chiua virens （W.F.Chiu） Y.C.Li ＆ Z.L.Yang, Heimioporus retisporus （Pat. ＆ C.F.Baker） E. Ho- rak, Pulveroboletus ravenelii （Berk. ＆ M.A.Curtis） Murrill, Tylopilus eximius （Peck） Singer and Tylopilus microsporus S. Z.Fu, Q.B.Wang ＆ Y.J.Yao, were confused easily.