贵港农村地区儿童毒鼠强意外中毒危险因素的病例对照研究

A case control study on the risk factors for Tetramine poisoning among children in rural area of Guigang City

目的分析农村地区儿童毒鼠强意外中毒的危险因素,为儿童毒鼠强意外中毒的预防和干预提供科学依据。方法采用1∶2病例对照方法,对广西贵港市农村地区1～14岁毒鼠强中毒的92例病例和未发生中毒的对照组184例进行调查。调查内容包括健康教育、家庭因素、儿童自身危险行为和鼠药管理等。采用条件Logistic回归模型分析儿童毒鼠强中毒发生的危险因素。结果多因素条件Logistic回归分析发现常外出玩耍(OR=2.683,95%CI=1.595～4.515)、经常吮手(OR=2.556,95%CI=1.468～4.449)、随意放置鼠药(OR=3.765,95%CI=1.823～7.652)等3个因素是危险因素,而监护频率高(OR=0.344,95%CI=0.182～0.605)、知道中毒预防知识(OR=0.180,95%CI=0.075～0.432)2个因素是保护因素。结论应针对儿童毒鼠强中毒的危险因素制定有效的综合预防干预措施。

Objective To investigate the risk factors of tetramine poisoning among 1 - 14 years old children and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention of such incidence. Methods The 1 ： 2 case-control method was adopted. In the case group, 92 rural children who hospitalized or visited the out-patient clinic （OPD） due to tetramine poisoning in countryside of Guigang city were included. 184 children who were not poisoned were recruited as match controls. Both cases and controls received questionnaire investigation including health education, family factors, the management of tetramine and children s risk behavior. The relationship between risk factors and poisoning were analyzed by conditional univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results Through multivariate logistic regression analysis, three risk factors responsible for the incidence of tetramine poisoning were identified as follows ： often play outside （ OR=2. 683,95% CI： 1. 595-4. 515 ） , suck fingers regularly（ OR=2. 556, 95% CI： 1. 468- 4. 449 ） , and place raticide arbitrarily （ OR = 3. 765, 95% CI： 1. 823 -7. 652 ）. The protective factors were also distinguished ： high frequency of guardianship （ OR = 0. 344, 95 % CI：0. 182-0. 605 ） , and having knowledge towards poisoning prevention （ OR = 0.180, 95 % CI：0. 075 -0. 432 ）. Conclusion Some effective and comprehensive intervention measures should be carried out to modify the influencing factors of tetramine poisoning.