教育与神经网络的塑造——与麦克I.波斯纳院士的对话

Education and the Sculpting of the Neural Network: a Dialogue with Michael I. Posner

功能磁共振技术使得人们可以无创地看到人类学习过程中大脑的活动。借助这一技术及人类基因组研究的进展,认知神经科学大师波斯纳(MichaelI.Posner)从遗传与影像等多方面对注意的神经网络及个体差异做了大量研究。这些研究揭示了注意的三个网络:警觉网络、定向网络、执行控制网络,这些网络受到遗传与经验的相互影响。在教育中培养儿童的注意力对于学校学科的学习具有重要的作用。

The development of fMRI can help us trace the areas of the brain non - invasively that are active during learningprocesses. Combining these kinds of advanced methods with the development of human genome, Michael I. Posner, a famous scientist in the field of cognitive neuroscience, has done numerous researches on attentional networks and individual differences in the facet of genetic and neuro - imaging. These researches revealed three attentional networks ： alerting, orienting and executive control, which are influenced by the interaction of genes and experience. During school education, attentional training intervention plays important roles in learning of school subjects.