从分类控制走向嵌入型监管:地方政府社会组织管理政策创新

From Graduated Control Towards Embedded Regulation:NGO Regulatory Policy Innovations in China's Local Governments

2004年以来,中国地方政府在对社会组织的管理方面发生了一些新的变化,在激励和培育社会组织发展、规范社会组织发展机制、拓宽社会组织发展空间方面进行了一些新的探索,对于改变中国传统的国家—社会关系具有重要意义。就改革实践而言,当代中国政府在社会组织管理体制方面正逐步从分类控制转向嵌入型监管,地方政府在对社会组织的吸纳能力、对社会组织管理重点的分化、对社会组织管理制度化水平、对社会组织管理手段多元化四个方面的监管水平有了明显提升。嵌入型监管的模式能够更好地描述和解释当代中国政府对社会组织管理的现状。

A series of new reforms and changes have been carried out in its non-government organizations （NGOs） regulatory policies, in various regions in China since 2004. Those local authorities have a-dopted a few of new policy innovations to foster and regulate Chinese NGIDs, which is ot great meaning to change China＇s traditional state-society relation. The regulatory mode of NGOs in contemporary China has been changed towards a new type regime named ＂embedded regulation＂. The new regime can be interpreted from two dimensions of regulatory willingness and regulatory capacity. A four-level framework including cooptation capacity, clear emphasis, high institutional level and diverse regulatory tools can be extended to interpret this new regime. In addition, the paper explains the dynamics for the rising of embedded regulation mode and for what reasons the concept of ＂embedded regulation＂ can define and interpret China＇s state-society relation better.