国家风景名胜区利益相关者阶段性博弈演化分析——以红枫湖为个案

The Analysis of Phased Game Evolution of Stake Holders in the National Scenic Spots: Red Maple Lake as the Case

贵州省贵阳市红枫湖20多年的发展是国家风景名胜区地方分权管理体制下的典型案例。在地方政府主导下,红枫湖景区利益相关者之间的博弈呈现出阶段性演化的特征。为推进政府意志,实现政府的核心利益要求,地方政府的管理目标及管理体制随着不同时期不断改变。这种急转弯式的政策调整导致了各方利益相关者权力关系急遽演变更替,致使各利益相关者利益损失,亦必然会导致风景名胜区整体长期利益严重流失。

More than 20 years development of Red Maple Lake is the typical case under the decentralization management system of the national scenic spots.Under the leading of the local government,the game between the stake holders of Red Maple Lake demonstrates the characteristic of phased evolution.In order to improve the willing of the government and realize the requirement of the government key interests,the management objectives and management system of the local government should change according to different stages.The policy adjustment of this sharp turn type leads to the power relationship between stake holders rapidly change and replace,and in turn it leads to the benefit loss of stake holders.Ultimately,it will lead to the serious long-term benefit loss of the whole scenic spots.