刘禾的文化翻译研究:福柯“知识考古学”的文本化实践

A Culture-Oriented Translation Study of Lydia H.Liu: A Textualization of Michel Foucault's "Archaeology of Knowledge"

福柯"知识考古学"具有强烈解构色彩,其视角下的翻译研究就是要研究"陈述",研究"话语",研究"档案",研究"话语实践",着力关注"从各个方面积极地建造或积极地构筑""中国社会"的"过程",以及"一个社会或一个机构"中"多种话语实践"的"相互依赖性",以进行话语分析,去寻找翻译行为发生过程中的"规律性"和作为"存在条件"的"形成的规则",最后重建一种"知识"。著名美国华裔批评家刘禾的所有翻译研究,几乎都可以说是福柯"知识考古学"的文本化实践。它能给我们提供如何触摸福柯"知识考古学"要义的有效门径,特别是如何将"知识考古学"理论与中国现代性想象实践有机结合的具体方法,更有价值的是,能启发我们如何对"既定的翻译事实"及浮光略影的"翻译描写"和当然的"翻译研究结论"予以质疑和批判。所以,这样的翻译研究能使跨语言概念的生成过程获得清晰的理论表述,有利于展示帝国碰撞与文化交融之间的必然联系,为跨学科的"边界"研究提供有益的经验。

As a deconstructive method , Michel Foucauh＇ ＂archaeology of knowledge＂ is concerned with a question about how human knowledge is reconstructed through discourse. Translation studies carried out in the perspective of it covers ＂statements＂, ＂discourses＂, ＂archives＂ and ＂discursive practice＂ and observes the processes of constructing the modern Chinese society actively from all aspects and the ＂mutual dependency＂ of various discursive practices existing in a society or a institution so as to make discourse analysis through which to seek for ＂rules＂ in translation and ＂follnative rules＂ as ＂existing conditions＂ and finaly reconstruct a sort of ＇＂ knowledge＂. The translation studies of the distinguished American Chinese critic Lydia H. Liu is obviously a textualization of Michel Foucault＇ s ＂archaeology of knowledge＂. Therefore, it may teach us how to effectively approach Michel Foucauh ＇ s ＂archaeology of knowledge＂ , especially how to effectively put Michel Foucault ＇ s ＂archaeology of knowledge＂ in practices of modernity-imagining of China. What＇ s most significant, it may inspire us to question and citicize ＂given facts＂, ＂superficial descriptions＂ and＂ taken-for-granted conclusions＂ in translation studies. And, consequently, Lydia H. Liu＇ s translation studies is sure to crystalize the theoretical interpretation of the processes of translingual concepts-generating, exhibit the linkage of clashes of empires to cultural integration, and provide experiences for tansdisci-plinary ＂border＂ studies.