三江源生态移民选择性及对三江源生态移民效果影响评析

Analysis on Characteristics of Ecological Migrants in Sanjiangyuan Area in China and its Effects on Ecological Migration Project

将课题组2009年在青海省三江源地区5个移民村的调查数据和迁出区与迁入区的非移民数据进行对比,运用迁移差别指数对三江源生态移民的特征作了分析。由于是以家庭为单位的迁移,三江源生态移民在年龄、性别、文化程度、民族结构等方面的选择性不强,但生态移民的家庭规模却呈现普遍小于非移民家庭的特征,另外,生态移民迁移前草场面积和牛羊头数平均低于非移民家庭。这种选择特征不利于三江源生态移民工程保护三江源生态环境目标的实现。从今后的政策应对上提出了建议。

Sanjiangyuan area is the source of Yangtze river, Huanghe River and Lancangjiang fiver and located in Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai Province in China. Due to the fragile and worsen ecological environment, Qinghai government conducted an ecological migration project to moved the herdsman out of Sanjiangyuan area to protect the environment there. From 2005 to 2009, nearly 50 thousand herdsmen and their family have moved out from the pastoral area and were resettled in places near cities, towns or county capitals. What the characteristics of the migrants？ Do there have any differences between migrants and non- migrants？ Do these differences have any effect on the efficiency and project goal？ Use the data we collected in 5 ecological migration resettlement villages in 2009 and compare them with the basic information of the non - mi- grants, the index of migration differences will be calculated to examine the differences between them. The paper will also discuss the policy implication of the differences and try to find a better way to improve the resettlement policy.