2000年至2009年足月单胎活产新生儿出生体重与剖宫产率的关系

Correlation between birth weight and cesarean section rate of term singleton live-birth newborns in recent 10 years

目的了解首都医科大学燕京医学院附属密云医院妇产科10年间分娩的足月单胎活产新生儿出生体重，分析其变化趋势及与剖宫产率的关系，为加强孕期营养指导、降低剖宫产率提供依据。方法选取2000年1月1日至2009年12月31日在首都医科大学燕京医学院附属密云医院妇产科分娩的足月单胎活产新生儿，对其出生体重、巨大儿发生率及剖宫产率变化趋势进行分析。结果（1）10年间共分娩足月单胎活产新生儿14716人，男婴7642人，女婴7074人，男女比例为1．08：1。10年间分娩巨大儿共1773人，构成比12．0％，低出生体重儿180人，构成比1．2％。（2）10年间足月单胎活产新生儿出生体重范围1200～5850g，平均出生体重（3422±447）g，年度间平均出生体重呈上升趋势，差异有统计学意义（F=15．337，P〈0．01）。（3）年度间巨大儿构成比呈上升趋势，差异有统计学意义（χ^2=125．285，P〈0．01）。（4）年度间剖宫产率呈逐年上升趋势，自2000年的49．9％上升至2009年的57．1％，差异有统计学意义（χ^2=180．883，P〈0．01）。（5）10年问随足月单胎活产新生儿平均出生体重上升，剖宫产率自〈2500g的52．2％上升至4500g～的85．4％，差异有统计学意义（χ^2=518．519，P〈0．01）。结论足月新生儿出生体重与剖宫产率有密切关系，应重视加强围产保健和孕期营养指导。

Objective To investigate the trend in birth weight of term infants delivered in Miyun Hospital in recent ten years, and its relationship with cesarean section rate, to provide evidence for health care during pregnancy and lowering the cesarean section rate. Methods Singleton term live-birth newborns in Beijing Miyun Hospital from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2009 were admitted into this study. Trends of birth weight, microsomia rate and cesarean section rate were analyzed. Results （1） There were 14 716 singleton term live-birth newborns delivered in the tenyear period, among which 7642 males and 7074 females with the proportion of male and female of 1.08 ： 1. One thousand seven hundred and seventy-three （12.0%） microsomia were delivered, and the number of low birth weight infants was 180 （1.2%）. （2） The birth weight of term infants was from 1200 g to 5850 g and the average birth weight was （3422±447） g. The average birth weight of each year increased, and the differences among each year showed statistical significance （F= 15. 337, P〈0.0l）. （3） The percentage of microsomia of each year increased, and the differences among each year also showed statistical significance （χ^2= 125. 285, P〈0. 01）. （4） The cesarean section rate increased from 49.9% in 2000 to 57.1% in 2009 with statistical difference （χ^2=180. 883, P〈0.01）. （5） The cesarean section rate increased with the average birth weight of the singleton live-birth term infants in the 10 years from 52.2% in those 〈2500 g to 85.4% in those 4500 g-, and the differences had statistical significance （χ^2= 518. 519, P〈0.01）. Conclusions Cesarean section rate had close correlation with birth weight in term birth infants. It is suggested that prenatal care should be strengthened and nutrition guidance during pregnancy should be paid more attention.