低出生体重影响因素分析

Analysis of affect factors of low birth weight

目的:分析低出生体重儿体格检查的一般情况并探讨影响低出生体重的因素。方法:调查产妇及新生儿父母亲的年龄、民族、文化程度、职业、吸烟饮酒史、既往疾病史、高血压家族史以及体格检查,产妇孕产史、妊娠并发症和合并症、分娩情况,新生儿出生情况、体格检查,同时对这些因素进行统计描述,并用二分类Logistic回归模型对低出生体重的影响因素进行分析。结果:单因素分析结果显示,家庭住址边远、婴儿母亲为少数民族、终止妊娠时间较早、父母亲受教育程度低、父母亲从事较重体力劳动职业、父母亲BMI值低、父亲存在既往病史、母亲孕期食用油种类、食用肥瘦肉比例不均、补充维生素不足、食盐量过多或过少、每周食用鸡蛋量少、每周食用鱼量少、家庭其他成员吸烟、母亲孕期与家庭成员相处不融洽以及存在产时并发症、产前检查次数较少、孕期增重少、双胎或多胎等可能是影响低出生体重的因素。多因素Logistic回归结果显示,产前检查次数较少、终止妊娠时间较早、孕期高血压和感染可能是低出生体重的危险因素。结论:母亲孕期相关因素可能会对低出生体重产生影响,加强孕期体格检查和卫生知识宣教可以有效降低低出生体重儿的发生率。

To analyze the common condition of medical examination in infant, and approach the effect factors of low birth weight on newborn. Methods： Age, nation, education, occupations, smoking and drinking, medical history, family history of high blood pressure, physical examination of parents, and progesterone production history, complication of pregnancy, delivery situation of preg- nant woman, birth status and physical examination of newborn were investigated and described, and the affect factors of low birth weight were analyzed by adopt binary logistic regression model. Results： The result of single factor analysis shown： remote home address, national mi- nority of mother, early termination of pregnancy time, low education level, physical work occupations and low BMI of parents, medical histo- ry of father, cooking oil type, eat uneven proportion fat and lean, lack of vitamin supplements, eat salt too much or very few, eat few eggs and fish every week, other family member smoking, bad along situation of mother in pregnancy and intrapartum complications, few prenatal examination times, low weight gain during pregnancy, twins or multiple birth were the affect factors of low birth weight. The result of muhiva- riate logistic regression shown： few antenatal examination number, early termination of pregnancy time, disorder in pregnancy such as gesta- tional hypertension and infection were the affect factors of low birth weighL Conclusion： Relevant factors of mother in pregnancy can effect low birth weight of infants. To improve medical examination during pregnancy and medical propaganda education can reduce the occurrence of low birth weight.