我国土地储备制度正当性考辨——以收储范围为视角

A Study on the Validity of the Land Reserve System in China——from the Perspective of the Scale of Land Reserve

我国土地储备制度偏离设立时的初衷,收储范围严重扩大化,是国家垄断建设用地一级市场的制度安排、宪法条文本身的模糊性以及征收制度中的法定低价补偿造成的恶果。改革土地储备制度,并不是要取消这一制度,而是要对土地收储范围进行限制和收缩,打破建设用地一级市场上国家的独家垄断地位,对《土地管理法》从立法理念到具体条文进行全面革新。待将来时机成熟时,还应制定统一的《征收征用法》,全面规制政府征收征用权力的启动前提、补偿标准及程序。

The deviation from the original aim and the enlarged scale of land reserve are the results of the state＇s monopoly position in the primary market for construction land supply, of the uncertainty and ambiguity of some articles in the Constitution and the laws, and of the low and unfair statutory compensation standards in the land expropriation system. To reform the land reserve system in China is not to abandon this system, but to restrict the scale of land reserve, to break the state＇ s monopoly in the primary market for construction land supply, and to make an overall innovation of the Land Management Law from its law-making concept to its specific clauses. When time is mature, China should make a unified Eminent Domain Law to regulate the government＇s power of eminent domain, and to provide for the prerequisite for valid expropriation, its compensation standards and procedures.