河南林州市冬夏倒置冰冰背成因机制浅析

Analysis Briefly of Formating Mechanism of the Cavity Ice Winter-summer Inversionly in Linzhou Henan

冰冰背是河南林州的一大自然奇观。这里自每年的三月起开始结冰,到八月以后,冰冻开始融化。引起这种冬夏倒置现象的原因与这里特殊的地层结构和地质构造产生强大的"烟囱效应"密切相关。冰冰背景观所处海拔高度都比较高,与附近沟谷最低点高差较大,区内巨厚层的石英砂岩和断裂构造组合形成高差巨大的竖向通道,类似于一个高差数百米的隐形烟囱。夏季地面温度越高,气压越低,烟囱效应越强,冲出"烟囱口"的气体膨胀的体积就越大,根据热力学第一定律它需要吸收的热量就越多,造成地表附近温度下降,直至结冰。冬季当地表气压高于"烟囱口"的气压时,洞内的气体靠消耗内能向外扩散,造成地表附近温度升高。

The cavity ice is a natural marvelous spectacle Linzhou Henan. Here, ice from march to august eachyear, later, the ice thaw in winter. The reason of phenomenon winter-summer inversionly relate closely with the powerful effect as chimney producing by here special geological structure. The cavity ice locate high above sea level, the altitudinal difference is large with the lowest point of this area. The difference form the immense vertical chunnel by producing the enormous thick-bedded quartzose sandstone and faults structure. The chunnel resemble concealed chimney of few hundred metres altitudinal difference. Temperature is higher in summer, air pressure is lower, the effect as chimney is stronger, the volume of expansing gas dashing out the chimney mouth is greater, the absorbing heat is more by the first law of thermodynamics, it cause that temperature is lower nearby in ground until it ice. AS air pressure is higher than the chimney mouth in winter, the cavity gas diffuse out by consuming energy, it cause that temperature is higher nearby in ground.