《西游记》的宗教“误读”与解构性质

Religious Misreading and Deconstruction in Pilgrimage to the West

《西游记》是否为"辅教"之书,乃学术史的一桩公案。这一公案形成的文本原因,在于《西游记》具有似佛非佛、似道非道的表象,论争各方皆能从中找到"立"和"破"的依据。《西游记》驳杂的宗教表象是对宗教经典、人物和故事的"误读",小说也由此具备了解构主义特征。表现之一是"新的文本的产生",之二是宗教意义的消解。故而,无论视《西游记》为佛教书,还是道教书,任何试图将其定于一尊的努力,皆与《西游记》的解构性质迥不相侔。

Whether Pilgrimage to the West is the religious works is a noted public record in academic history,whose reason is the representation in Pilgrimage to the West which looks like Buddhism or Taoism,thus researchers can find their evidence of Buddhism or Taoism in the text.This paper points out that there is a misreading of religious classics,characters or stories which result in deconstruction in Pilgrimage to the West.The first performance is the generation of new text and the second is the digestion of religious significance.So the viewpoint that Pilgrimage to the West is religious works is unsuited to the deconstruction of this fiction.