刺政、舒愤与唐代怨诗

Satirizing Politics,Alleviating Anger and the Complaint Poem of Tang Dynasty

"诗可以怨"具"怨刺上政"和"舒心志愤懑"两个向度,虽正统思想重在"中和",但钱钟书先生仍指出了经学家的异端看法,列举出从何休以来刘勰、钟嵘等人对"可以怨"思想的发展。而韩愈对怨诗的肯定,可看作是唐代文艺思想的一个重要标志,白居易所论也与之相辅。若不包括讽谕诗及宫怨、闺怨等诗,因唐代特有的政治、社会生活及所行制度,使得怨诗有了各自的生成机制。唐人的怨诗主要可分为四类:怨战、迁谪、落第、离别,它们多是以真情动人的好诗。

The sentence complaint can be express though poem has two meanings as satirizing politics and alleviating anger. Although orthodox thought puts particular emphasis on neutralization, Qian Zhongshu pointed out texts School＇ s infidel opinion, and enumerated the development of thought from He Xiu to Liu Xie, Zhong Rong and so on. Han Yu＇ s affirmation on complaint poems, can be regarded as a important symbol of artistic literature thought, Bai Juyi＇ s yi＇ s discussion is complementary to him. If not including pasquinade, Palace poetry and boudoir-plaint poetry, because of the particular politics, social activities and system, the complaint poem of Tang Dynasty has each generative mechanism, and it can be divided into four kind of complaint war, migration and exile, fail in an imperial examination, and departure, most of them are good moving poem.